@article {1231119, title = {Transition from non-commercial to commercial energy in rural China: Insights from the accessibility and affordability}, journal = {Energy Policy}, volume = {127}, year = {2019}, pages = {392-403}, abstract = {Rural components are integral parts of China{\textquoteright}s economy, and hundreds of millions of China{\textquoteright}s residents still live in\ rural areas. Rural residents heavily depend on non-commercial energy due to the inaccessibility and unaffordability of\ commercial energy. Conventional use of solid\ biomass\ fuels threatens\ public health\ as well as environmental and ecological sustainability. Thus,\ rural energy\ transition must be promoted. By using a new\ dataset, we show China{\textquoteright}s rural energy transition to gain insights on where, how, and why this transition occurs in rural households. Unlike previous views, we find that after considering non-commercial energy, the per\ capita consumption\ of rural\ residential energy\ is considerably larger than that of urban counterparts. Moreover, migrations from rural to\ urban areas\ decrease rather than increase residential\ energy consumption. Furthermore, rural energy transition from low to high quality depresses energy consumption. Our results demonstrate how accessibility and\ affordability\ affect the fuel preferences of rural residents, thereby enabling us to identify the mechanisms of rural energy transition. We provide some insights and policy implications on the routes of China{\textquoteright}s rural energy transition, which may be further extended to other emerging and\ developing countries\ due to their similar rural energy use.}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421518308218}, author = {Jianglong Li and Chang Chen and Hongxun Liu} }