@article {47321, title = {Primary anthropogenic aerosol emission trends for China, 1990-2005}, journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics}, volume = {11}, year = {2011}, pages = {931-954}, abstract = {An inventory of anthropogenic primary aerosol
emissions in China was developed for 1990{\textendash}2005 using a
technology-based approach. Taking into account changes
in the technology penetration within industry sectors and
improvements in emission controls driven by stricter emission
standards, a dynamic methodology was derived and implemented
to estimate inter-annual emission factors. Emission
factors of PM2.5 decreased by 7\%{\textendash}69\% from 1990 to
2005 in different industry sectors of China, and emission factors
of TSP decreased by 18\%{\textendash}80\% as well, with the measures
of controlling PM emissions implemented. As a result,
emissions of PM2.5 and TSP in 2005 were 11.0 Tg and
29.7 Tg, respectively, less than what they would have been
without the adoption of these measures. Emissions of PM2.5,
PM10 and TSP presented similar trends: they increased in
the first six years of 1990s and decreased until 2000, then
increased again in the following years. Emissions of TSP
peaked (35.5 Tg) in 1996, while the peak of PM10 (18.8 Tg)
and PM2.5 (12.7 Tg) emissions occurred in 2005. Although
various emission trends were identified across sectors, the cement
industry and biofuel combustion in the residential sector
were consistently the largest sources of PM2.5 emissions,
accounting for 53\%{\textendash}62\% of emissions over the study period.
The non-metallic mineral product industry, including the cement,
lime and brick industries, accounted for 54\%{\textendash}63\% of
national TSP emissions. There were no significant trends of
BC and OC emissions until 2000, but the increase after 2000
brought the peaks of BC (1.51 Tg) and OC (3.19 Tg) emissions
in 2005. Although significant improvements in the estimation
of primary aerosols are presented here, there still
exist large uncertainties. More accurate and detailed activity
information and emission factors based on local tests are essential
to further improve emission estimates, this especially
being so for the brick and coke industries, as well as for coal.}, url = {http://www.atmos-chem-phys.org/11/931/2011/acp-11-931-2011.pdf}, author = {Lei, Yu and Zhang, Qiang and He, Kebin and Streets, David G} }