Economy and Policy

The European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is the first large-scale climate-trade instrument with the potential to reshape global carbon pricing incentives. Its implementation pressures countries without explicit carbon prices to...

Coal combustion contributes greatly to the level of CO₂ emissions, air pollution, and health burdens. International trade classifies coal extraction, coal combustion, and the consumption of goods and services separately. A lack of comprehensive analyses...

Increased penetration of renewables has posed a significant influence on the wholesale electricity market. For markets with a limited number of large generation companies, such as China, the manner in which bidding strategies for these companies could...

Addressing the challenge of climate change requires information on how to achieve GHG mitigation at the global scale. Here, we use the latest data available on economic interdependencies between economies as well as the associated emission activities to...

China has launched a comprehensive market-oriented reform of the power sector since 2015 to foster competition and enhance efficiency. This article summarizes the progress, achievements, and challenges of these reforms. Progress has been made in enhancing...

• Captures the beneficial implications of the transition to a carbon-free future, especially for impoverished rural Indian youth
• Provides relevant learnings in the context of urgent and diverse global climate change concerns
• Demonstrates how India can combine...